[Magnetic resonance imaging of the normal and the pathological knee in the child].

The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies performed on the knee region of 60 children including 20 normally growing subjects are reported. In healthy children, MRI permitted to study the normal maturation of bone marrow and cartilaginous structures. The patients studied had bone tumors (11 patients), rheumatoid arthritis (8 patients), lesions of traumatic origin (7 patients), osteochondritis (4 patients), vascular and tissular dysplasia (3 patients), osteomyelitis (3 patients) and soft-tissue tumors (3 patients).

Use of low-osmolality contrast medium does not increase prevalence of medullary sponge kidney.

To assess the prevalence of intrapapillary linear collections of contrast medium as well as of homogeneous papillary blush on excretory urograms obtained with a low-osmolality contrast medium, iohexol was used in 300 patients. Intrapapillary linear collections of contrast medium (ie, three or more linear collections of contrast material within a papilla) were found in 10 (9.5%) of the 105 patients with renal stone disease and two (1.

[Respective role of the size, location and composition of the calculus as determinants of therapeutic success after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in renal lithiasis].

We evaluated the respective role of size, location and composition of renal stones as determinants of the outcome of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). The analysis of the chemical composition and of the morphology of the fragments eliminated by hundred patients who underwent ESWL has been made by X-rays diffraction. Results showed that the larger the stone, the higher the risk of having to perform an extra intervention (additional sessions of ESWL, percutaneous nephrostolithotomy, nephrolitholapaxy) or of finding residual fragments at the three month check-point.

Magnetic resonance imaging of nontraumatic shoulder instability in children.

Nontraumatic shoulder instability is infrequent in children. We examined prospectively with high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 11 patients with this disorder, including 2 with Holt-Oram syndrome and 11 healthy control subjects. The MR findings in the glenohumeral joint in normally growing children are presented.