Publications by authors named "J M Gaffin"
Unlabelled: Premature children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) encounter several health issues potentially affecting their health-related quality of life (HRQL). We aimed to determine agreement between children with BPD and their parent's HRQL assessments. Using Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) assessment tools, we evaluated agreement and potential bias between parent proxy and child self-reports of the PROMIS-Scale-Global Health-7, the Psychological Stress Experiences Short Form (PSE), and the PROMIS-Profile-25.
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- A study on infants with cystic fibrosis (CF) examined the impact of acid blocker therapy (ABT) on growth, gut microbiome (GM), and early lung disease, finding that over half of the participants used ABT by age 3.* -
- Although ABT use was more prevalent among children with pancreatic insufficiency, it did not lead to significant growth improvements; instead, it was linked to lower GM diversity and more severe lung disease.* -
- The research highlights the need for careful evaluation of ABT's risks and benefits, suggesting that current treatment guidelines for young children with CF require reevaluation.*
Research Priorities in Pediatric Asthma Morbidity: Addressing the Impacts of Systemic Racism on Children with Asthma in the United States. An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.
Ann Am Thorac Soc
October 2024
In the United States, Black and Latino children with asthma are more likely than White children with asthma to require emergency department visits or hospitalizations because of an asthma exacerbation. Although many cite patient-level socioeconomic status and access to health care as primary drivers of disparities, there is an emerging focus on a major root cause of disparities-systemic racism. Current conceptual models of asthma disparities depict the historical and current effects of systemic racism as the foundation for unequal exposures to social determinants of health, environmental exposures, epigenetic factors, and differential healthcare access and quality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWidespread North American wildfires in 2023 led to exposure to ambient wildfire smoke outside of traditionally wildfire-prone regions. The objective was to evaluate levels of indoor air pollutants in relation to ambient wildfire smoke exposure in eastern Massachusetts. Using a real-time multipollutant sensor system in five Boston area households, this study assessed indoor fine particulate matter (PM), nitrogen dioxide (NO), and total volatile organic compound concentrations (TVOC) two days before and during days of hazardous wildfire smoke exposure (smoke days).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The burden of pediatric asthma and other allergic diseases is not evenly distributed among United States populations.
Objective: To determine whether urinary biomarkers are associated with asthma morbidity, and if associations vary by child race, ethnicity and sex.
Methods: This study includes n = 152 children with physician-diagnosed asthma who participated in the School Inner-City Asthma Intervention Study (SICAS-2).