Publications by authors named "J M Escoubas"
Pacific oysters face recurring outbreaks of Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS), a polymicrobial multifactorial disease. Although this interaction is increasingly understood, the role of epigenetics (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Pacific oyster lives in microbe-rich marine coastal systems subjected to rapid environmental changes. It harbours a diversified and fluctuating microbiota that cohabits with immune cells expressing a diversified immune gene repertoire. In the early stages of oyster development, just after fertilization, the microbiota plays a key role in educating the immune system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInactivation of two oyster pathogens by photocatalysis and monitoring of changes in the microbiota of seawater: A case study on Ostreid herpes virus 1 μVar and Vibrio harveyi.
Cécile Blanchon Eve Toulza Christophe Calvayrac Stanislawa Eichendorff Marie-Agnès Travers Jean-Michel Escoubas
Chemosphere
January 2024
Article Synopsis
- The pollution of seawater from bacteria and chemical contaminants causes significant economic losses in aquaculture, particularly in oyster farming due to high mortality rates of oysters.
- Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs), like heterogeneous photocatalysis, can effectively remove organic contaminants, protecting oysters from diseases such as Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS), which is linked to viral and bacterial infections.
- A 2-hour UV/TiO photocatalytic treatment successfully inactivated the virus causing POMS and 80% of Vibrio harveyi without harming the natural bacterial community, making it a promising disinfection method for land-based oyster farms.
Article Synopsis
- - Polymicrobial infections, like Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS), are complex and under-researched, involving interactions between the ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1) and harmful bacteria impacting oyster populations on the French Atlantic coast.
- - Field studies and laboratory experiments revealed that certain bacterial communities flourish in oysters infected with OsHV-1 and that these bacteria can enhance the virus's effects, leading to accelerated oyster mortality.
- - Cooperative behaviors among bacteria, including promoting one another’s growth and sharing resources, play a significant role in the severity of POMS, suggesting that targeting these interactions may help manage the disease and protect oyster health.
Article Synopsis
- Disease emergence is increasing due to global changes, making it crucial to understand how host populations adapt rapidly, particularly in the context of Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS).
- The study used (epi)genome-wide association mapping to reveal that oysters exposed to POMS showed signs of genetic and epigenetic selection, particularly in genes related to immunity.
- Results indicated that about one-third of the phenotypic variation in response to POMS could be attributed to interactions between genetic and epigenetic factors, highlighting the significant role of both in rapid adaptation to infectious diseases.