Publications by authors named "J M Erwin"
Microbial extracellular electron transfer (EET) drives various globally important environmental phenomena and has biotechnology applications. Diverse prokaryotes have been proposed to perform EET via surface-displayed "nanowires" composed of multi-heme cytochromes. However, the mechanism that enables only a few cytochromes to polymerize into nanowires is unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Poor oral health (OH) in childhood can cause pain, affect quality of life and significantly impact adult OH. Autistic children and young people (CYP) experience inequalities in OH and are at higher risk of cavities and gum disease than neurotypical CYP.
Objective: To provide evidence and insights into the factors affecting the OH behaviours of ACYP from the perspective of ACYP, their parents/carers and Dental Health Professionals (DHPs).
Article Synopsis
- This study focuses on the analysis of water (HO) and heavy water (HDO) profiles in the mesosphere of Venus using data from Venus Express, revealing significant increases in both substances and a notable rise in the D/H ratio with altitude.
- Two main hypotheses are proposed to explain these changes: isotopic fractionation due to photolysis or phase change processes connected to sulfuric acid aerosols, with the latter accounting for the observed rapid changes in water vapor and aerosols.
- The findings imply that the varying altitudes are essential for understanding Venus's deuterium and hydrogen reservoirs, and that these altitude changes directly impact the rates at which hydrogen and deuterium escape, suggesting a need for evolutionary models to factor in
DNA repetitive sequences (or repeats) comprise over 50% of the human genome and have a crucial regulatory role, specifically regulating transcription machinery. The human brain is the tissue with the highest detectable repeat expression and dysregulations on the repeat activity are related to several neurological and neurodegenerative disorders, as repeat-derived products can stimulate a pro-inflammatory response. Even so, it is unclear how repeat expression acts on the aging neurotypical brain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchizophrenia is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder with sexually dimorphic features, including differential symptomatology, drug responsiveness, and male incidence rate. Prior large-scale transcriptome analyses for sex differences in schizophrenia have focused on the prefrontal cortex. Analyzing BrainSeq Consortium data (caudate nucleus: n = 399, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: n = 377, and hippocampus: n = 394), we identified 831 unique genes that exhibit sex differences across brain regions, enriched for immune-related pathways.
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