Glass Slippers and Glass Cliffs: Fitting In and Falling Off.

Background: A glass ceiling effect exists for women in male-dominated professions. Recent studies also show a glass-cliff effect where senior women can more easily fall from positions of leadership. Transplantation remains a male-dominated specialty.

Administration of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in patients undergoing haemodialysis: A time and motion study.

Background: International guidelines recommend treatment of anaemia due to chronic kidney disease (CKD) with erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs).

Objective: To document the time required and the cost in terms of nursing time to prepare and administer ESAs to patients on facility based haemodialysis (HD) with anaemia due to CKD before and after the introduction of long-acting ESAs.

Design: A time and motion study was implemented at four HD units in Australia to determine the time and costs associated with preparing and administering ESAs before and after the introduction of long-acting ESAs.

A Trial of Extending Hemodialysis Hours and Quality of Life.

The relationship between increased hemodialysis hours and patient outcomes remains unclear. We randomized (1:1) 200 adult recipients of standard maintenance hemodialysis from in-center and home-based hemodialysis programs to extended weekly (≥24 hours) or standard (target 12-15 hours, maximum 18 hours) hemodialysis hours for 12 months. The primary outcome was change in quality of life from baseline assessed by the EuroQol 5 dimension instrument (3 level) (EQ-5D).