Impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on mortality and recurrence of clostridioides difficile infection.

Background: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea. The infection is associated with a high mortality rate and risk of recurrence. We assessed risk factors for death or recurrent CDI (CDI) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM).

Impact of age on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare workers : Influence of nonoccupational risk factors.

Background: The incidence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV‑2) infection was highest among older adults early in the COVID-19 pandemic; however, this pattern was later reversed with young adults showing the highest incidence. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors in healthcare workers (HCWs) associated with this evolution.

Methods: We conducted a survey nested within a prospective cohort study of 680 HCWs from a tertiary referral public hospital who received 2 doses of SARS-CoV‑2 vaccine in January and February 2021 (VACCICO-VAO cohort).

[Increase in severe acute respiratory infections in children during the last phase of the COVID-19 pandemic].

Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a variation in the circulation of respiratory pathogens. Our aim was to analyze the epidemiology of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) in children during 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, in comparison with a previous period.

Methods: An observational study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Spain, which analyzed the frequency and characteristics of patients admitted for SARI in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic (1 March 2020 to 28 February 2023), compared to pre-pandemic period (1 March 2017 to 29 February 2020).

[Antimicrobial stewardship program in an Intensive Care Unit: A retrospective observational analysis of the results 15 months after its implementation].

Objective: We aim to evaluate the adherence rate to an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and to assess its effect on the use of antibiotics, quality indicators and clinical outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective description of the interventions proposed by the ASP. We compared antimicrobial use, quality and safety indicators in an ASP versus a non-ASP period.

[Efficacy, effectiveness and safety of the adjuvanted influenza vaccine in the population aged 65 or over].

Most of the complications and deaths related to seasonal flu occur in the elderly population (≥65 years) with comorbidities, and the influenza vaccine is the most effective way to prevent them. Immunization is less effective in older adults due to immunosenescence. MF59-adjuvanted vaccines, designed to improve the magnitude, persistence and amplitude of the immune response in elderly people, have been used in clinical practice since 1997 in their trivalent formulation and, since 2020, in their tetravalent formulation.