Utilizing the DiSC Assessment in Surgical Residency Leadership Training to Address Communication Skill Acquisition: A Kern Six-step Approach to Curriculum Development.

Objective: Effective communication is essential in delivering high-quality patient care, and in recent years, resident education has expanded to focus on nontechnical skills and communication training. The "Everything DiSC" model is a communication inventory tool used to help employers and employees gain insight into how an individual may communicate within a team and how others may perceive similarities and differences in communication styles, comprising of Dominance (D), Influence (i), Steadiness (S), and Conscientiousness (C). In this report, we describe our experience mapping the DiSC model to the Kern 6-step framework for curriculum development and summarize residents' feedback several years following its implementation.

Cyclopentadienyl cations.

This perspective covers the chemistry of cyclopentadienyl cations from the first synthetic attempts generating transient variants to their successful isolation earlier this year. They are highly reactive species that researchers struggled to isolate and characterize that stifled efforts to explore their reactivity. The recent isolation of a cyclopentadienyl cation enabled characterization and reactivity studies that make this an exciting time in the area that will undoubtedly inspire research in cyclic four π-electron systems.

Measurement of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D in serum by LC-MS/MS compared to immunoassay reveals inconsistent agreement in paediatric samples.

Objectives: Automated immunoassays for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)D) have increased the use of serum measurements in clinical and research settings, but disagreement with LC-MS/MS methods remains an issue.

Methods: In this study, we examined this problem using samples obtained from healthy young adults, n=80, mean age 21.7 (18-32) years, and a large cohort of paediatric samples, n=422, mean age 7.

The Complement Factor H (Y402H) risk polymorphism for age-related macular degeneration affects metabolism and response to oxidative stress in the retinal pigment epithelium.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of central vision loss in the elderly, involves death of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and light-sensing photoreceptors. This multifactorial disease includes contributions from both genetic and environmental risk factors. The current study examined the effect of the Y402H polymorphism of Complement Factor H (CFH, rs1061170) and cigarette smoke, predominant genetic and environmental risk factors associated with AMD.