Use of 3D foot and ankle puzzle enhances student understanding of the skeletal anatomy in the early years of medical school.

Purpose: 3D visualization is an important part of learning anatomy with cadavers generally used to effectuate this. However, high cost, ethical considerations, and limited accessibility can often limit the suitability of cadavers as teaching tools. Anatomical 3D printed models offer an alternative tool for teaching gross anatomy due to their low cost and accessibility.

Ossicles of lumbar articular facets: normal variant or spondylolytic variant?

Purpose: The objective of this study was to establish the prevalence and significance of ossicles of lumbar articular facets (OLAF) in young athletes with backache diagnosed by multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT).

Materials And Methods: The MDCT examinations of the lumbar spine carried out for suspected spondylolysis on 46 consecutive symptomatic young athletes presenting to a sports injury clinic over a 1-year period were retrospectively reviewed. OLAF study included detailed correlation with the structural and morphological stress features of the posterior neural arches.

Antipsychotic medication and oxidative cell stress: a systematic review.

Objective: To look at (1) the association between antipsychotics and cell stress, (2) whether first-generation antipsychotics may show different effects than second-generation antipsychotics, and (3) whether recommendations can be made regarding medication.

Data Sources: We conducted a systematic review of 5 databases for all articles published until December 31, 2007: PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and EBM Reviews. Under specific headings (eg, "heat shock proteins" and "oxidative stress"), a systematic search of these databases included such terms as HSP70 and homocysteine, and specific search strings were constructed.

Augmented reality for anatomical education.

The use of Virtual Environments has been widely reported as a method of teaching anatomy. Generally such environments only convey the shape of the anatomy to the student. We present the Bangor Augmented Reality Education Tool for Anatomy (BARETA), a system that combines Augmented Reality (AR) technology with models produced using Rapid Prototyping (RP) technology, to provide the student with stimulation for touch as well as sight.

Exploring the relationship of drug-induced neutrophil immaturity & haematological toxicity to drug chemistry using quantitative structure-activity models.

An investigation of the relationships between physicochemical features of ten antipsychotic drugs and previously reported influence of these drugs on neutrophil maturity was made. A quantitative structure-activity relations (QSAR) approach was adopted, in which several numerical parameters describing physicochemical characteristics of the antipsychotics were estimated. Possible connections between these parameters and neutrophil maturity were explored.