Parameter-Tuned Pulsed Wave Photobiomodulation Enhances Stem Cells From Apical Papilla Differentiation: Evidence From Gene and Protein Analyses.

This study examines the effects of pulsed wave photobiomodulation (pwPBM) on the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from the apical papilla (SCAP). Using 810 nm near-infrared (NIR) light with 300 Hz pulses and a 30% duty cycle, pwPBM was applied at a total energy density of 750 mJ/cm. Osteogenesis was evaluated through both in vitro and in vivo analyses.

Revisiting Age-Related Normative Hearing Levels in Korea.

Background: Hearing level reference values based on the results of recent audiometry have not been established for the general population of South Korea. This study aimed to evaluate the mean hearing levels of each age group and to measure the annual progression of hearing loss.

Methods: We used the database of the eighth and ninth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2020 to 2022, and included participants with normal tympanic membranes and without occupational noise exposure.

Magnitude of Potential Biases in COVID-19 Vaccine Effectiveness Studies due to Differential Healthcare seeking following Home Testing: Implications for Test Negative Design Studies.

The test-negative design (TND) is widely used to estimate COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE). Biased estimates of VE may result from effects of at-home SARS-CoV-2 rapid diagnostic test (RDT) results on decisions to seek healthcare. To investigate magnitude of potential bias, we constructed decision trees with input probabilities obtained from longitudinal surveys of U.

Comparative pharmacokinetics study of two tablet formulations of delpazolid, a novel oxazolidinone class antibiotic.

Unlabelled: Delpazolid is an oxazolidinone-class antibiotic under development for treating diseases caused by antimicrobial-resistant gram-positive bacteria. This study compared the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of two formulations of delpazolid 400 mg with distinct excipient compositions: Batch No. 3183817R (test drug) and Batch No.

Network Analysis of Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease and Its Comorbidities.

: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is characterized by idiopathic avascular necrosis of the femoral head in children. There are several hypotheses regarding the cause of LCPD; however, the exact cause remains unclear. Studies on comorbidities can provide better insight into the disease.