Endocrinology review - adrenal and thyroid disorders.

The endocrine system comprises part of the body's communication system that links the brain to its organs and functions to control metabolism, growth development and reproduction. Control of this system is predominantly through a complex feedback system that works to maintain homeostasis. When there is disruption to an endocrine gland or to the feedback system, it can lead to endocrine disturbance.

Serum Phosphate Predicts Early Mortality among Underweight Adults Starting ART in Zambia: A Novel Context for Refeeding Syndrome?

Background. Low body mass index (BMI) at antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is associated with early mortality, but the etiology is not well understood. We hypothesized that low pretreatment serum phosphate, a critical cellular metabolism intermediate primarily stored in skeletal muscle, may predict mortality within the first 12 weeks of ART.

Nutrition and inflammation serum biomarkers are associated with 12-week mortality among malnourished adults initiating antiretroviral therapy in Zambia.

Background: A low body mass index (BMI) at antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is a strong predictor of mortality among HIV-infected adults in resource-constrained settings. The relationship between nutrition and inflammation-related serum biomarkers and early treatment outcomes (e.g.