Prefrontal cortical microglial transcriptome relates to mouse offspring executive function deficits after perinatal opioid exposure in a sex-dependent manner.

Opioid use during pregnancy affects over 7% of pregnancies in the United States. While efforts have been directed at mitigating effects of prenatal opioid exposure acutely in the neonatal period, long-term neurodevelopmental studies in humans remain challenging. Using a preclinical model, we previously found that perinatal morphine (MO) exposure induces sex-dependent executive function deficits in adult offspring, and sexually divergent shifts in microglia phenotype.

Comments and discussion concerning 'Sorption behavior of tebuconazole on microplastics: kinetics, isotherms and influencing factors' [Environ Technol. 2023;44:3937-3948].

The widespread use of synthetic polymers since the mid-twentieth century has led to significant environmental pollution from microplastics (MPs). These MPs, which persist in ecosystems, can interact with various pollutants, including pesticides such as tebuconazole (TEB). The subject paper investigates the sorption behaviour of TEB on different types of MPs (polystyrene, polypropylene, and polyamide-6), focusing on the kinetics and isotherms of these interactions.

Structural Elucidation of the Reduced Mn(III)/Fe(III) Intermediate of the Radical-Initiating Metallocofactor in Ribonucleotide Reductase.

Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) are the sole source of deoxyribonucleotides for DNA synthesis and repair across all organisms and carry out their reaction via a radical mechanism. RNR from generates its turnover-initiating cysteinyl radical by long-range reduction of a Mn(IV)/Fe(III) cofactor, producing a Mn(III)/Fe(III) intermediate. Herein, we characterize the protonation states of the inorganic ligands in this reduced state using advanced pulse electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and H-isotope labeling.

Local context review by single institutional review boards: Results from a modified Delphi process.

Introduction: Local context is the most common concern regarding use of a single institutional review board (sIRB). Yet what "local context" constitutes remains underspecified. Developing a shared understanding of the goals of local context review, the categories of information that should be considered, as well as the types of studies for which sIRB review may be inappropriate, are critical for ensuring that sIRB review provides adequate protections for human subjects.

Hydralazine inhibits cysteamine dioxygenase to treat preeclampsia and senesce glioblastoma.

The vasodilator hydralazine (HYZ) has been used clinically for ~ 70 years and remains on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines as a therapy for preeclampsia. Despite its longstanding use and the concomitant progress toward a general understanding of vasodilation, the target and mechanism of HYZ have remained unknown. We show that HYZ selectively targets 2-aminoethanethiol dioxygenase (ADO) by chelating its metal cofactor and alkylating one of its ligands.