Publications by authors named "J M Bethony"
Background: Recombinant Necator americanus Glutathione-S-Transferase-1 (Na-GST-1) formulated on Alhydrogel (Na-GST-1/Alhydrogel) is being developed to prevent anemia and other complications of N. americanus infection. Antibodies induced by vaccination with recombinant Na-GST-1 are hypothesized to interfere with the blood digestion pathway of adult hookworms in the host.
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- Kaposi sarcoma (KS) punch biopsies make it difficult to extract nucleic acids, especially when stabilized in RNAlater for extended periods.
- The protocol provided outlines how to isolate DNA, RNA, and miRNA from a single KS punch biopsy effectively.
- Detailed steps include preparing reagents, tissue disruption methods, nucleic acid isolation and quality assessment, as well as long-term storage instructions.
Safety and immunogenicity of the co-administered Na-APR-1 and Na-GST-1 hookworm vaccines in school-aged children in Gabon: a randomised, controlled, observer-blind, phase 1, dose-escalation trial.
Lancet Infect Dis
July 2024
Background: A human hookworm vaccine is being developed to protect children against iron deficiency and anaemia associated with chronic infection with hookworms. Necator americanus aspartic protease-1 (Na-APR-1) and N americanus glutathione S-transferase-1 (Na-GST-1) are components of the blood digestion pathway critical to hookworm survival in the host. Recombinant Na-GST-1 and catalytically inactive Na-APR-1 (Na-APR-1[M74]) adsorbed to Alhydrogel were safe and immunogenic when delivered separately or co-administered to adults in phase 1 trials in non-endemic and endemic areas.
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- - Vaccine priming using germline-targeting immunogens could enhance the development of precision vaccines for serious human diseases, as shown in a clinical trial of eOD-GT8 60mer.
- - The trial found that participants receiving a higher vaccine dose had more VRC01-class bnAb-precursor B cells compared to those receiving a lower dose, but the differences were primarily linked to their IGHV1-2 genotypes.
- - The study highlights the importance of understanding genetic variations in immune response (specifically immunoglobulin alleles) when creating and testing new vaccines in clinical settings.
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- The intestinal microbiota aids the hatching of whipworm eggs in mice by promoting structural changes in the eggs, crucial for the lifecycle of the parasite Trichuris muris.
- Advanced microscopy techniques revealed that bacteria trigger the breakdown of polar plugs on the egg shells, allowing larvae to exit, and this process is optimized with high bacterial density.
- The research highlights a unique relationship where both bacteria and larval enzymes work together to facilitate hatching, showcasing the evolutionary adaptation of the parasite to thrive in the mammalian gut environment.