Effects of pretreatment strategies on fertility outcomes in patients with adenomyosis.

Adenomyosis is a commonly encountered pathology in women of reproductive age and frequently coexists with infertility. The effect of adenomyosis on fertility, particularly on fertilisation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection outcomes, is not well understood. Various pretreatment modalities have been used to improve pregnancy rates and live birth outcomes; however, because of a lack of high-quality evidence, there is no clear consensus on the best pretreatment option.

Infertility, IL-17, IL-33 and Microbiome Cross-Talk: The Extended ARIA-MeDALL Hypothesis.

Infertility, defined as the inability to obtain pregnancy after 12 months of regular unprotected sexual intercourse, has increased in prevalence over the past decades, similarly to chronic, allergic, autoimmune, or neurodegenerative diseases. A recent ARIA-MeDALL hypothesis has proposed that all these diseases are linked to dysbiosis and to some cytokines such as interleukin 17 (IL-17) and interleukin 33 (IL-33). Our paper suggests that endometriosis, a leading cause of infertility, is linked to endometrial dysbiosis and two key cytokines, IL-17 and IL-33, which interact with intestinal dysbiosis.

Robotic-assisted excision of diffuse adenomyosis.

Background: Adenomyosis is a chronic, debilitating condition characterised by the presence of endometrial- like glands and stroma within the myometrium. While hysterectomy remains the definitive treatment, uterus- sparing surgeries may be a possible option for patients desiring to maintain fertility. Surgical management, along with medical treatment and/or Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), can improve outcomes.