Deep learning-based image analysis in muscle histopathology using photo-realistic synthetic data.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI), specifically Deep learning (DL), has revolutionized biomedical image analysis, but its efficacy is limited by the need for representative, high-quality large datasets with manual annotations. While latest research on synthetic data using AI-based generative models has shown promising results to tackle this problem, several challenges such as lack of interpretability and need for vast amounts of real data remain. This study aims to introduce a new approach-SYNTA-for the generation of photo-realistic synthetic biomedical image data to address the challenges associated with state-of-the art generative models and DL-based image analysis.

The Effect of a Supratrochlear Spur on Patellofemoral Cartilage in Patients With Trochlear Dysplasia.

Background: The presence of a supratrochlear spur has been shown to influence outcomes in patients with trochlear dysplasia and is thought to accelerate cartilage wear. However, the current literature does not provide an evidence-based threshold for a relevant supratrochlear spur height.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to establish a clinically significant supratrochlear spur height associated with patellofemoral chondral damage to guide surgeons in surgical decision-making.

Identification of Substituted 4-Aminocinnolines as Broad-Spectrum Antiparasitic Agents.

Neglected tropical diseases such as Chagas disease, human African trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and schistosomiasis have a significant global health impact in predominantly developing countries, although these diseases are spreading due to increased international travel and population migration. Drug repurposing with a focus on increasing antiparasitic potency and drug-like properties is a cost-effective and efficient route to the development of new therapies. Here we identify compounds that have potent activity against and , and the latter were progressed into the murine model of infection.

The Sagittal Tibial Tubercle Trochlear-Groove Distance Is Not Equivalent on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Computed Tomography Measurements in Patients With Patellar Instability.

Purpose: To analyze the difference of the sagittal tibial tubercle trochlear-groove (sTTTG) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) and to assess the influence of the knee flexion angle (KFA) and tibiofemoral (TF) rotation on the sTTTG.

Methods: All patients who underwent patellar-stabilizing surgery for patellar instability between January 2019 and July 2023 at a single institution were included in the current study. Patients were included when a preoperative MRI of the assessed knee and standardized CT imaging in full knee extension of the lower extremity was available.