Introns provide a platform for intergenic regulatory feedback of RPL22 paralogs in yeast.

Ribosomal protein genes (RPGs) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are a remarkable regulatory group that may serve as a model for understanding genetic redundancy in evolutionary adaptations. Most RPGs exist as pairs of highly conserved functional paralogs with divergent untranslated regions and introns. We examined the roles of introns in strains with various combinations of intron and gene deletions in RPL22, RPL2, RPL16, RPL37, RPL17, RPS0, and RPS18 paralog pairs.

Workflow for Genome-Wide Determination of Pre-mRNA Splicing Efficiency from Yeast RNA-seq Data.

Pre-mRNA splicing represents an important regulatory layer of eukaryotic gene expression. In the simple budding yeast , about one-third of all mRNA molecules undergo splicing, and splicing efficiency is tightly regulated, for example, during meiotic differentiation. features a streamlined, evolutionarily highly conserved splicing machinery and serves as a favourite model for studies of various aspects of splicing.

Tobacco leaves and roots differ in the expression of proline metabolism-related genes in the course of drought stress and subsequent recovery.

In plants, members of gene families differ in function and mode of regulation. Fine-tuning of the expression of individual genes helps plants to cope with a variable environment. Genes encoding proline dehydrogenase (PDH), the key enzyme in proline degradation, and the proline biosynthetic enzyme, Δ(1)-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), play an important role in responses to osmotic and drought stresses.

The PIN-FORMED (PIN) protein family of auxin transporters.

The PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins are secondary transporters acting in the efflux of the plant signal molecule auxin from cells. They are asymmetrically localized within cells and their polarity determines the directionality of intercellular auxin flow. PIN genes are found exclusively in the genomes of multicellular plants and play an important role in regulating asymmetric auxin distribution in multiple developmental processes, including embryogenesis, organogenesis, tissue differentiation and tropic responses.

The role of cytokinins in responses to water deficit in tobacco plants over-expressing trans-zeatin O-glucosyltransferase gene under 35S or SAG12 promoters.

The impact of water deficit progression on cytokinin (CK), auxin and abscisic acid (ABA) levels was followed in upper, middle and lower leaves and roots of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Wisconsin 38 plants [wild type (WT)].