Adaptation, not prediction, drives neuronal spiking responses in mammalian sensory cortex.

Unlabelled: Predictive coding (PC) hypothesizes that the brain computes internal models of predicted events and that unpredicted stimuli are signaled with prediction errors that feed forward. We tested this hypothesis using a visual oddball task. A repetitive sequence interrupted by a novel stimulus is a "local" oddball.

Oral as compared to intravenous tranexamic acid to limit peri-operative blood loss associated with primary total hip arthroplasty: A randomised noninferiority trial.

Background: Oral as compared to intravenous tranexamic acid (TXA) is an attractive option, in terms of cost and safety, to reduce blood loss and transfusion in total hip arthroplasty. Exclusion criteria applied in the most recent randomised trials may have limited the generalisability of oral tranexamic acid in this indication. Larger and more inclusive studies are needed to definitively establish oral administration as a credible alternative to intravenous administration.

Taste for discovery: a conversation with neuroscientist Serge Charpak.

Serge Charpak (Institut de la Vision) discusses his pioneering work in imaging of sensory processing and neurovascular coupling, in an interview with former trainee and fellow Neurophotonics Editorial Board Member Jérôme Lecoq (Allen Institute).

Responses to Pattern-Violating Visual Stimuli Evolve Differently Over Days in Somata and Distal Apical Dendrites.

Scientists have long conjectured that the neocortex learns patterns in sensory data to generate top-down predictions of upcoming stimuli. In line with this conjecture, different responses to pattern-matching vs pattern-violating visual stimuli have been observed in both spiking and somatic calcium imaging data. However, it remains unknown whether these pattern-violation signals are different between the distal apical dendrites, which are heavily targeted by top-down signals, and the somata, where bottom-up information is primarily integrated.

Effect of preoperative warming on intraoperative hypothermia and postoperative functional recovery in total hip arthroplasty: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Intraoperative hypothermia is associated with increased morbidity and impaired postoperative recovery. Direct anterior-approached total hip arthroplasty (ATHA) may lead to significant thermal loss. We aimed to assess whether preoperative warming had an impact on intraoperative hypothermia and postoperative functional recovery after ATHA.