Protective factors in American Indian communities and adolescent violence.

With their distinct cultural heritage and rural boundaries, American Indian reservation communities offer a unique opportunity to explore protective factors that help buffer adolescents from potential risk behaviors such as violence. Prior published research on Indian communities has not explored three potential protective factors for violence-parental monitoring of adolescents and friends, adolescents' self-efficacy to avoid fighting, and adolescents' interest in learning more about their traditional culture. This paper explores the relationship between these factors and reduced risk of reported violence.

Adjuvant regional chemotherapy and systemic chemotherapy versus systemic chemotherapy alone in patients with stage II-III colorectal cancer: a multicentre randomised controlled phase III trial.

Background: Systemic adjuvant chemotherapy can improve overall survival and reduce the incidence of distant metastases for patients with advanced colon cancer. This study aimed to investigate whether regional chemotherapy (given by intraperitoneal or intraportal methods) combined with systemic chemotherapy was more effective than was systemic chemotherapy alone in terms of survival and recurrence for patients with stage II-III colorectal cancer. The study also compared systemic chemotherapy with fluorouracil and folinic acid with that of fluorouracil and levamisole.

Protective factors associated with American Indian adolescents' safer sexual patterns.

Objectives: This paper presents findings from a research partnership with rural American Indian communities to identify protective factors associated with their adolescents' health-related behaviors including 1) delay of sexual debut; 2) not having had intercourse in the past 3 months; 3) birth control use among sexually active adolescents in the past 3 months; 4) condom use in the past 3 months. Our goal was to identify salient characteristics of students and their perceptions of family, school, and friends which could be incorporated or supported in future program planning for adolescents.

Methods: A written survey was administered to 484 Indian students in Grades 6-12 from five rural schools.

[Cisplatin, 5-FU and preoperative radiotherapy in esophageal epidermoid cancer. Multicenter phase II FFCD 8804 study].

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the efficacy and tolerance of preoperative radiochemotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Patterns of recurrence and prognostic factors were also studied.

Patients And Methods: This multicentric phase II trial included patients deemed operable.