Enhancing glioblastoma therapy via intranasal administration of highly potent cell-penetrating peptide decorated nanoparticles.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a devastating primary tumor of the central nervous system with a significantly poor prognosis. The primary challenge in treating GBM lies in the restrictive nature of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), impeding effective drug delivery to the brain. In this study, intranasal polymeric micelles encapsulating a quercetin-etoposide combination were developed to induce synergistic apoptotic effects and enhance direct drug delivery to the brain.

Assessing intrinsic capacity for person-centred HIV care: a cross-sectional study in ageing populations in Malaysia and Hong Kong.

Introduction: WHO's Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) proposes we measure the functional construct of intrinsic capacity (IC) to monitor and identify individuals with age-associated vulnerabilities. Assessments of IC may be useful to address the evolving, non-HV care needs of ageing people with HIV (PWH). However, to date, its utility within the context of HIV has not been assessed.

Complex perianal abscess: a case report of shooting from the hip.

The perianal abscess is a common emergency surgical presentation. While in most cases simple drainage suffices, occasionally the abscess can track deeply presenting a management challenge. We describe the case of a complex circumferential horseshoe ischioanal abscess with extension below the levator ani through the greater sciatic notch and into the left gluteal region, with the collection involving the intergluteal space and gluteus maximus.

retinal melanin detection with the calibrated depolarization index in polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography.

Significance: A data-based calibration method with enhanced depolarization contrast in polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) was developed and demonstrated effective for detecting melanin content in the eye.

Aim: We aim to mitigate the dependence between the measured depolarization metric and the intensity signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for improved visualization of depolarizing tissues, especially in low SNR regions, and to demonstrate the enhanced depolarization contrast to evaluate melanin presence.

Approach: A function for calibrating the depolarization metric was experimentally derived from the young albino guinea pig, assuming depolarization free in the retina.

Roles of metabotropic signaling of nicotine receptors in the development and maintenance of nicotine reward through regulation of dopamine D receptor expression.

The α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR), an ionophore, has been suggested to signal through metabotropic pathways and interact with other receptor families, such as dopamine receptors. In this study, the interaction between α4β2 nAChR and dopamine receptors was investigated through in vivo and in vitro studies. Nicotine exposure in adolescent rats is known to induce a sustained increase in nicotine's rewarding effects which was assessed by conditioned place preference (CPP) assay.