Transcription factor 7-like 2 gene links increased in vivo insulin synthesis to type 2 diabetes.

Transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) is the main susceptibility gene for type 2 diabetes, primarily through impairing the insulin secretion by pancreatic β cells. However, the exact in vivo mechanisms remain poorly understood. We performed a family study and determined if the T risk allele of the rs7903146 in the TCF7L2 gene increases the risk of type 2 diabetes based on real-time stable isotope measurements of insulin synthesis during an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test.

Discriminative Ability of Plasma Branched-Chain Amino Acid Levels for Glucose Intolerance in Families At Risk for Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Insulin resistance and glucose intolerance have been associated with increased plasma levels of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). BCAA levels do not predict T2DM in the population. We determined the discriminative ability of fasting BCAA levels for glucose intolerance in nondiabetic relatives of patients with T2DM of two different ethnicities.

Post-glucose-load urinary C-peptide and glucose concentration obtained during OGTT do not affect oral minimal model-based plasma indices.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how renal loss of both C-peptide and glucose during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) relate to and affect plasma-derived oral minimal model (OMM) indices. All individuals were recruited during family screening between August 2007 and January 2011 and underwent a 3.5-h OGTT, collecting nine plasma samples and urine during OGTT.

Pregnancy intention in an urban Australian antenatal population.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of unintended pregnancy in women presenting for antenatal care to a large metropolitan hospital in Sydney, Australia, and to investigate health behaviours and demographic factors associated with unintended pregnancy.

Methods: From October 2010 to April 2011, a self-administered questionnaire covering pregnancy intention, contraceptive use and demographic information was given to 1,554 women. A total of 1,218 women (78.

Unintended pregnancy amongst women attending antenatal clinics at the Port Moresby General Hospital.

Background: National survey data from Papua New Guinea (PNG) suggest that women are having almost 1.5 times the number of children they desire. Women's ability to space and limit the number of children could have a significant impact on the country's high infant and maternal mortality rates.