Developing Chemical Signatures for Categories of Household Consumer Products Using Suspect Screening Analysis.

Consumer products are a major source of chemicals that may pose a health risk. It is important to understand what chemicals are in these products to evaluate risk and assess new products for uncommon ingredients. Suspect screening analysis (SSA) using two-dimensional gas chromatography-high-resolution-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (GCxGC-HR-TOF/MS) was applied to 92 consumer products from 5 categories.

Discerning Emittable from Extractable Chemicals Identified in Consumer Products by Suspect Screening GCxGC-TOFMS.

Characterization of chemicals in household products is important for understanding this potential source of chemical exposure. Increasingly, suspect screening and nontargeted analysis techniques are used to characterize as many chemical signatures as possible. Solids such as household products are most conveniently prepared using solvent extraction, revealing what chemicals are contained within the product matrix but providing no information about the potential of those chemicals to leave the matrix and cause actual exposure.

In Vitro Hepatic Clearance Evaluations of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) across Multiple Structural Categories.

Toxicokinetic (TK) assays and in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) models are New Approach Methods (NAMs) used to translate in vitro points of departure to exposure estimates required to reach equivalent blood concentrations. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large chemical class with wide-ranging industrial applications for which only limited toxicity data are available for human health evaluation. To address the lack of TK data, a pooled primary human hepatocyte suspension model was used with targeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to investigate substrate depletion for 54 PFAS.

Efficacy of Complexity-Based Target Selection for Treating Morphosyntactic Deficits in Children With Developmental Language Disorder and Children With Down Syndrome: A Single-Case Experimental Design.

Purpose: Selecting targets for morphosyntactic intervention is a critical component of treatment planning. The complexity approach suggests that, by treating a complex morphosyntactic target, improvements will occur for the treated structure and for related, simpler structures. This study evaluated the efficacy of the complexity approach for treating morphosyntactic deficits by targeting a complex BE verb question structure for children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and children with Down syndrome (DS) and observing its impact on treated and untreated BE verb structures.