Oral repeat dose and reproductive toxicity of the chlorinated flame retardant Dechlorane Plus.

This study consisted of a 28-day oral repeat dose (repeat dose toxicity [RDT]) phase and a developmental and reproductive (developmental and reproductive toxicity [DART]) phase with rats. Rats were treated with Dechlorane Plus at doses of 0, 750, 1500, or 5000 mg/kg by gavage. For the RDT phase, no effects were observed on in-life parameters or clinical or anatomic pathology.

Effects of long-term phenobarbital treatment on the liver in dogs.

Long-term administration of phenobarbital has been reported to cause hepatic injury in dogs. Phenobarbital induces hepatic enzymes, and it may be difficult to distinguish the effect of enzyme induction on serum liver enzyme activities from actual hepatic damage. The hepatotoxicity of phenobarbital and the impact of enzyme induction on serum liver enzyme activity were investigated prospectively in 12 normal dogs.

Identification of the 1-cyano-3,4-epithiobutane-derived urinary mercapturic acid N-acetyl-S-(4-cyano-2-thio-1-butyl)-cysteine in male Fischer 344 rats.

1-Cyano-3,4-epithiobutane (CEB), a naturally occurring nitrile derived from cruciferous plants, causes nephrotoxicity in male Fischer 344 rats. Nephrotoxicity induced by CEB is dependent on glutathione (GSH) conjugation and bioactivation. Conjugation with GSH and subsequent metabolism leads to the formation of specific urinary metabolites.

Protection from 1-cyano-3,4-epithiobutane nephrotoxicity by aminooxyacetic acid and effect on xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes in male Fischer 344 rats.

1-Cyano-3,4-epithiobutane (CEB), a naturally occurring nitrile derived from cruciferous plants, causes nephrotoxicity and increased renal glutathione (GSH) concentration in male F-344 rats. This CEB-induced nephrotoxicity is dependent on GSH conjugation and bioactivation. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the effect of CEB on several xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes and to evaluate the effect of modulators of GSH transport and metabolism on CEB-induced nephrotoxicity and GSH concentration.

Urinary orotic acid-to-creatinine ratios in cats with hepatic lipidosis.

Objective: To determine urinary orotic acid (OA) concentration and evaluate the urinary OA-to-creatinine ratio (OACR) in cats with hepatic lipidosis (HL).

Animals: 20 cats with HL and 20 clinically normal cats.

Procedure: Hepatic lipidosis was diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs, results of serum biochemical analyses, exclusion of other concurrent illness, and cytologic or histologic evaluation of liver biopsy specimens.