CRISPR screens unveil nutrient-dependent lysosomal and mitochondrial nodes impacting intestinal tissue-resident memory CD8 T cell formation.

Nutrient availability and organelle biology direct tissue homeostasis and cell fate, but how these processes orchestrate tissue immunity remains poorly defined. Here, using in vivo CRISPR-Cas9 screens, we uncovered organelle signaling and metabolic processes shaping CD8 tissue-resident memory T (T) cell development. T cells depended on mitochondrial translation and respiration.

Temperature and immune challenges modulate the transcription of genes of the ubiquitin and apoptosis pathways in two high-latitude Notothenioid fish across the Antarctic Polar Front.

Thermal variations due to global climate change are expected to modify the distributions of marine ectotherms, with potential pathogen translocations. This is of particular concern at high latitudes where cold-adapted stenothermal fish such as the Notothenioids occur. However, little is known about the combined effects of thermal fluctuations and immune challenges on the balance between cell damage and repair processes in these fish.

High resolution and contrast 7 tesla MR brain imaging of the neonate.

Introduction: Ultra-high field MR imaging offers marked gains in signal-to-noise ratio, spatial resolution, and contrast which translate to improved pathological and anatomical sensitivity. These benefits are particularly relevant for the neonatal brain which is rapidly developing and sensitive to injury. However, experience of imaging neonates at 7T has been limited due to regulatory, safety, and practical considerations.

Single-cell CRISPR screens in vivo map T cell fate regulomes in cancer.

CD8 cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) orchestrate antitumour immunity and exhibit inherent heterogeneity, with precursor exhausted T (T) cells but not terminally exhausted T (T) cells capable of responding to existing immunotherapies. The gene regulatory network that underlies CTL differentiation and whether T cell responses can be functionally reinvigorated are incompletely understood. Here we systematically mapped causal gene regulatory networks using single-cell CRISPR screens in vivo and discovered checkpoints for CTL differentiation.

CXCR6 orchestrates brain CD8 T cell residency and limits mouse Alzheimer's disease pathology.

Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), are characterized by innate immune-mediated inflammation, but functional and mechanistic effects of the adaptive immune system remain unclear. Here we identify brain-resident CD8 T cells that coexpress CXCR6 and PD-1 and are in proximity to plaque-associated microglia in human and mouse AD brains. We also establish that CD8 T cells restrict AD pathologies, including β-amyloid deposition and cognitive decline.