Antibody recognition of synthetic peptides mimicking immunodominant regions of HIV-1 p24 and p17 proteins.

The gag gene of HIV-1 encodes a single open reading frame of 55 kDa that contains three subdomains: the matrix domain (p17), the capsid domain (p24) and the nucleocapsid domain (p15). The p24 and p17 proteins have a predominant alpha-helical structure and perform important functions throughout the viral life-cycle. The determination of gag-specific antibodies is important because declining titers of these antibodies herald clinical deterioration.

[Evaluation of synthetic peptides for the detection of antibodies against human immunodeficiency virus].

The serologic diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is currently done by detecting the presence of antibodies against the different antigenic viral proteins through immunoassays and later confirmation by Western blot. Several types of antigens can be used in immunoassays, but recombinant proteins and synthetic peptides are the most frequently used. In this paper, peptides mimicking antigenic regions from p24 (region 196-224), gp41 (region 600-614) and gp120 (region 303-338, Loop V3) proteins of HIV-1 have been used as antigens in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and their reactivity was screened against a panel of positive and negative sera.