Substance dependence and level of treatment need among recently-incarcerated prisoners.

This study assessed both prevalence rates of substance dependence and level of treatment need among recently-incarcerated prisoners in a southeastern state. Participants were 752 consecutive admissions to the state prison system in 2002. They were administered the 93-item Substance Abuse Subtle Screening Inventory (SASSI).

Correlates of drug treatment outcomes for African American and white male federal prisoners: results from the TRIAD study.

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of family background and preincarceration socioenvironmental variables on three-year post-release drug use for African American and white prison-based drug treatment participants in order to explain the previously found disparities in rates of three-year post-release drug use between the two groups. There were two hypotheses: 1) for both groups, family background and preincarceration socioenvironmental variables would predict postrelease drug use more strongly than sociodemographic characteristics and preincarceration behaviors, and 2) the predictors would be different for each group. The sample included 279 African American and 512 white male treatment participants who were supervised by a U.

Comparison of background characteristics and behaviors of African-American, Hispanic, and white substance abusers treated in Federal prison: results from the TRIAD Study.

The lack of empirical literature describing minority substance abusers who seek treatment serves as an obstacle for providing empirically-driven, culturally-relevant substance abuse treatment to minorities in both prison-based and community-based programs. The purpose of this study was to address this gap in the literature by describing and comparing the background characteristics and preincarceration behaviors and social environments of adult African-American, Hispanic, and white substance abusers who were treated in Federal Bureau of Prisons' (BOP) residential drug abuse treatment programs. The study sample included 279 African-American, 72 Hispanic, and 512 white male substance abusers who were treated in 16 prison-based residential drug treatment programs from 1991 to 1995.

Drug treatment outcomes for adolescents with comorbid mental and substance use disorders.

This study compared the pretreatment characteristics and posttreatment outcomes of substance-abusing adolescents with and without comorbid mental disorders in the Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies for Adolescents. Subjects (N = 992) were sampled from 23 adolescent drug treatment programs across three modalities (residential, short-term inpatient, outpatient drug-free). Nearly two thirds (64%) of the sample had at least one comorbid mental disorder, most often conduct disorder.

The relationship of counseling and self-help participation to patient outcomes in DATOS.

Using a sample of 927 cocaine patients enrolled in programs in three modalities included in the national Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies (DATOS), this investigation examined the relationship of three dimensions of treatment process on after-treatment cocaine and heavy alcohol use and predatory illegal activity. Logistic regression revealed significant reductions in all three outcomes and strong effects of treatment duration and after-treatment self-help, conditional on the modality. Results did not support the hypothesized relationship between treatment outcomes and amounts of counseling and during-treatment self-help.