Determinants of citizens' choice between public and private hospitals.

Objective: This study assesses what factors determine citizens' preferences for a public or private hospital (assuming the choice is free of charge) according to the severity of the disease.

Material And Method: A web-based discrete choice experiment was carried out with 1777 individuals distinguishing between a control group (posed with a simple choice for each health condition) and added information for respondents of the treatment groups (distance, waiting time, advice from the family doctor, and recommendations from the social context). The relevance of these factors in relation to the severity of one's illness is investigated.

Implementing Entrustable Professional Activities in Pediatric Fellowships: Facilitating the Process.

Background And Objectives: Entrustable professional activities (EPAs) will be used for initial certification by the American Board of Pediatrics by 2028. Less than half of pediatric fellowships currently use EPAs for assessment, yet all will need to adopt them. Our objectives were to identify facilitators and barriers to the implementation of EPAs to assess pediatric fellows and to determine fellowship program directors' (FPD) perceptions of EPAs and Milestones.

Pediatric Pulmonary Milestones 2.0: Development, Lessons Learned, and Future Directions.

Pediatric pulmonology fellowship training programs are required by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education to report Pediatric Subspecialty Milestones biannually to track fellow progress. However, several issues, such as lack of subspecialty-specific context and ambiguous language, have raised concerns about their validity and applicability to use for fellow assessment and curriculum development. In this Perspective, we briefly share the process of the Pediatric Pulmonology Milestones 2.

Study of the Antibacterial Activity of Rich Polyphenolic Extracts Obtained from against Foodborne Pathogens.

Natural extracts containing high polyphenolic concentrations may act as good antimicrobials for their antibacterial and antibiofilm activity. The present research characterizes two hydro-organic extracts with high polyphenolic content, obtained from the shrub as antipathogenic candidates. As a result of their own composition, both extracts, LE050 and PG050, have shown pronounced bioactivities with potential uses, especially in agricultural, livestock production, food manufacturing, and pharmaceutical industries.