A subset of chemosensory genes differs between two populations of a specialized leaf beetle after host plant shift.

Due to its fundamental role in shaping host selection behavior, we have analyzed the chemosensory repertoire of . This specialized leaf beetle evolved distinct populations which shifted from the ancestral host plant, willow ( sp., Salicaceae), to birch (, Betulaceae).

A tale of four kingdoms - isoxazolin-5-one- and 3-nitropropanoic acid-derived natural products.

Covering up to September 2016This review reports on natural compounds that derive from the isoxazolinone ring as well as the 3-nitropropanoic acid (3-NPA) moiety. These structural elements occur in compounds that have been identified in plants, insects, bacteria and fungi. In particular, plants belonging to the family of legumes produce such compounds.

Structural and physical evidence for an endocuticular gold reflector in the tortoise beetle, Charidotella ambita.

Charidotella ambita offers a unique opportunity for unambiguously locating its gold reflector by comparing the structure of reflecting and non-reflecting cuticle of the elytron and pronotum. Using light microscopy and TEM, the reflector was located underneath the macrofiber endocuticle just above the epidermis. The reflector is a multilayer comprising up to 50 bilayers alternating high and low density layers parallel to the surface of the cuticle.

Two Defensive Lines in Juvenile Leaf Beetles; Esters of 3-nitropropionic Acid in the Hemolymph and Aposematic Warning.

Juveniles of the leaf beetles in subtribe Chrysomelina have efficient defense strategies against predators. When disturbed, they transiently expose volatile deterrents in large droplets from nine pairs of defensive glands on their back. Here, we report on an additional line of defense consisting of the non-volatile isoxazolin-5-one glucoside and its 3-nitropropanoyl ester in the larval hemolymph.