Tracheal Transplantation.

Airway stenosis and malignant tumors are the 2 main reasons to perform a surgical resection of part of the trachea. Tracheal lesions with a length shorter than 5 cm can be resected and primary reconstruction can be safely effected. Excessive anastomotic tension should be avoided because it may lead to restenosis or dehiscence at the anastomosis.

The prognostic effect of radiological extranodal extension in HPV-positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas: a retrospective cohort analysis.

Purpose: Radiological extranodal extension (rENE) is a well-known negative prognosticator in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). However, controversy remains regarding the prognostic effect of rENE in HPV-positive oropharyngeal SCCs (OPSCC). This single-center retrospective cohort analysis assessed the prognostic role of rENE in an HPV + OPSCC population and tried to validate a recently proposed modification of the TNM8 N-classification.

Exploring long-term responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors in recurrent and metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objectives: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have introduced a new era in the treatment of recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC). Optimal duration for ICI therapy is still unclear and the long-term outcomes and toxicity in patients responding to these therapies warrant further exploration. This study attempts to identify the clinical and biological determinants of a durable response and evaluate outcomes following ICI treatment discontinuation.

Prospective Evaluation and Validation of the Laryngoscore and the mini-Laryngoscore.

Objective: The Laryngoscore was described in 2014 as a practical preoperative assessment tool to predict difficult laryngeal exposure (DLE) during transoral approaches to the larynx. In 2019 the authors proposed a version with a reduced number of variables, called the mini-Laryngoscore. We aim to critically appraise and externally validate these two tools and if needed and possible, to optimize these tools.

Leukocyte- and platelet-rich fibrin in endoscopic endonasal skull base reconstruction: study protocol for a multicenter prospective, parallel-group, single-blinded randomized controlled non-inferiority trial.

Background: Recent advances in endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal approaches (EETA) for skull base lesions have resulted in a significant increase in extent and complexity of skull base defects, demanding more elaborate and novel reconstruction techniques to prevent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage and to improve healing. Currently, commercially available fibrin sealants are often used to reinforce the skull base reconstruction. However, problems have been reported regarding hypersensitivity reactions, efficacy, and costs.