The Characteristics of the Concavity of Descending Limb of Maximal Expiratory Flow-Volume Curves Generated by Spirometry.

Purpose: This study examined the concavity (angle β, central and peripheral concavity) of the descending limb of the maximal expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves to reflect various ventilatory defects, including obstructive, restrictive, or mixed patterns.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study collecting spirometry data from a healthcare center and a tertiary hospital between 2017 and 2022, with additional raw flow-volume curve data from primary healthcare institutions in 2023. We analyzed differences in concavity between spirometric patterns.

A long-term clinical comparative study of left bundle branch pacing versus biventricular pacing in patients with heart failure and complete left bundle branch block.

Left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) is an emerging physiological pacing technique characterized by stable pacing parameters and a narrower QRS duration. This study aims to compare the long-term efficacy and safety of biventricular pacing (BIVP) and LBBP in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and complete left bundle branch block (CLBBB). A retrospective analysis was conducted on 35 patients with chronic HFrEF accompanied by CLBBB treated at our center from April 2018 to October 2022.

Shh Protects the Injured Spinal Cord in Mice by Promoting the Proliferation and Inhibiting the Apoptosis of Nerve Cells via the Gli1-TGF-β1/ERK Axis.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common neurological trauma that cannot be completely cured with surgical techniques and medications. In this study, we established a mouse SCI model and used an adeno-associated virus (AAV) to achieve the high expression of sonic hedgehog (Shh) at the injury site to further investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Shh on SCI. The results of the present study show that Shh may promote motor function recovery.

The Interplay Between Accumulation of Amyloid-Beta and Tau Proteins, PANoptosis, and Inflammation in Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, and the vast majority of cases occur in elderly patients. Recently, the accumulation of Aβ and tau proteins has drawn considerable attention in AD research. This review explores the multifaceted interactions between these proteins and their contribution to the pathological landscape of AD, encompassing synaptic dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and PANoptosis.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Mounting evidence suggests an increase in angiogenesis in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain, but the role of this process in AD remains uncertain. The present study aims to explore the association between CSF angiogenic factors that promote angiogenesis and cerebrovascular lesions as well as neurodegeneration.

Method: The cross-sectional study included 104 individuals with a CDR score of ≤ 0.