Reductions of in adolescent dopamine neurons confers aberrant salience and related psychosis phenotype.

Psychosis is a hallmark of schizophrenia. It typically emerges in late adolescence and is associated with dopamine abnormalities and aberrant salience. Most genes associated with schizophrenia risk involve ubiquitous targets that may not explain delayed emergence of dopaminergic disruptions.

Upadacitinib is associated with clinical response and steroid-free remission for children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease.

Objective: Upadacitinib, an oral Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi), is approved for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in adults. As on-label use will face significant delay in pediatrics, a real-world understanding of safety and efficacy in children is critical.

Methods: This is a single-center retrospective cohort of pediatric subjects (ages 9-20 years) with a diagnosis of IBD initiated on upadacitinib.

Preoperative Cannabis Use Did Not Increase Opioid Utilization After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty in a Propensity Score-Matched Model.

Recreational and medicinal cannabis use is becoming increasingly popular, but there are little data on its effect on postoperative pain and opioid consumption after primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA). : We sought to evaluate the relationship between self-reported preoperative cannabis use and postoperative opioid consumption and post-discharge opioid prescriptions following elective primary TKA. : We identified all patients who underwent unilateral, primary TKA for a diagnosis of osteoarthritis at a single institution between February 1, 2019, and April 30, 2021, and subdivided them into current cannabis users and non-users based on self-reported data.