Trends in analgesia in prehospital trauma care: an analysis of 105.908 patients from the multicenter database TraumaRegister DGU.

Background: The management of pain in patients with traumatic injuries is a common task for emergency medicine providers, particularly in the prehospital setting. However, for sufficient and safe analgesia, correct pain recording and documentation is also necessary. The aim of this study was to assess trends in analgesia over the study period and to identify factors that may enable more sufficient pain management in trauma care.

Gas1-Mediated Suppression of Hepatoblastoma Tumorigenesis.

Hepatoblastoma (HB), the most common pediatric liver cancer, is associated with dysregulated Wnt/β-catenin, Hippo, and/or nuclear factor erythroid 2 ligand 2/nuclear respiratory factor 2 (NFE2L2/NRF2) pathways. In mice, pairwise combinations of oncogenically active forms of the terminal transcription factors of these pathways, namely, β-catenin (B), Yes-associated protein (YAP; Y), and Nrf2 (N), generated HBs, with the triple combination (B + Y + N) being particularly potent. Each tumor group alters the expression of thousands of B-, Y-, and N-driven unique and common target genes.

Targeting endothelial ERG to mitigate vascular regression and neuronal ischemia in retinopathies.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) are ocular disorders in which a loss of retinal vasculature leads to ischemia followed by a compensatory neovascularization response. In mice, this is modeled using oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), whereby neonatal animals are transiently housed under hyperoxic conditions that result in central retina vessel regression and subsequent neovascularization. Using endothelial cell (EC)-specific gene deletion, we found that loss of two ETS-family transcription factors, ERG and FLI1, led to regression of OIR-induced neovascular vessels but failed to improve visual function, suggesting that relevant retinal damage occurs prior to and independently of neovascularization.

Comparison of Conservation Strategies for California Channel Island Oak () Using Climate Suitability Predicted From Genomic Data.

Management strategies, such as assisted gene flow, can increase resilience to climate change in tree populations. Knowledge of evolutionary history and genetic structure of species are needed to assess the risks and benefits of different strategies. , or Island Oak, is a rare oak restricted to six Channel Islands in California, United States, and Baja California, Mexico.

Methoxyflurane in early analgesic therapy by ski patrol members on Swiss ski slopes - an observational cohort study.

Background: Pain therapy is an important first-response measure in the pre-clinical care of trauma patients. Injured individuals on ski slopes are usually given first aid by members of the ski patrol. The early implementation of adequate pain therapy by these paramedical rescuers can increase patient satisfaction and have a positive effect on the entire treatment process.