Simultaneous enhancement of multiple functional properties using evolution-informed protein design.

A major challenge in protein design is to augment existing functional proteins with multiple property enhancements. Altering several properties likely necessitates numerous primary sequence changes, and novel methods are needed to accurately predict combinations of mutations that maintain or enhance function. Models of sequence co-variation (e.

Illuminating protein space with a programmable generative model.

Three billion years of evolution has produced a tremendous diversity of protein molecules, but the full potential of proteins is likely to be much greater. Accessing this potential has been challenging for both computation and experiments because the space of possible protein molecules is much larger than the space of those likely to have functions. Here we introduce Chroma, a generative model for proteins and protein complexes that can directly sample novel protein structures and sequences, and that can be conditioned to steer the generative process towards desired properties and functions.

The Cost Does Not Outweigh the Benefit: Pathologic Evaluation of Wrist Ganglion Cysts Should Not Be Routine.

Background: As health care costs in the United States continue to rise, there is increasing attention on cost-saving measures. One area of investigation is the utility of pathologic examination of specimens from routine procedures with a suspected benign pathology. We assessed the utility and cost of routine pathologic analysis for wrist ganglion cyst excision.

Simultaneous enhancement of multiple functional properties using evolution-informed protein design.

Designing optimized proteins is important for a range of practical applications. Protein design is a rapidly developing field that would benefit from approaches that enable many changes in the amino acid primary sequence, rather than a small number of mutations, while maintaining structure and enhancing function. Homologous protein sequences contain extensive information about various protein properties and activities that have emerged over billions of years of evolution.

Proper preservation of amputated parts: A multi-level shortcoming.

Background: Successful replantation relies on proper preservation of traumatically amputated parts. The established protocol for preservation, however, is inconsistently adhered to. The objective of this study is to examine the rate of proper preservation in multiple patient populations.