The effect of comorbidities on Alzheimer’s disease/cognition by race/ethnicity and the mediating role of AD pathologies measured by blood biomarkers.

Background: The study aims to assess the associations of comorbidities (hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, chronic kidney disease [CKD], and depression) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), Alzheimer’s dementia (AD dementia), and cognition by race/ethnicity; and to examine whether blood AD biomarkers mediate the associations.

Method: We used data from the baseline and visit 2 of the Health & Aging Brain Study‐Health Disparities (HABS‐HD) study. 2057 participants were included in the cross‐sectional analyses, and 792 participants, who were cognitively normal at baseline and had follow‐up data, were included in the longitudinal analyses.

Examination of GFAP Among a Racial and Ethnically Diverse Community‐Based Cohort: An HABS‐HD Study.

Background: Rates of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) Dementia are expected to grow considerably among certain ethnic/racial groups, including Blacks and Hispanics. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) has been examined as a biomarker of AD; however, limited research has been conducted examining this particular marker among diverse populations. Therefore, this study sought to address this gap and provide an initial examination among a diverse community‐based cohort.

Taking a partnership approach to embed physical activity in local policy and practice: a Bradford District case study.

Background: Supportive policy is an important component of a whole-systems approach to increasing physical activity and reducing inequalities. There is a growing body of literature surrounding the design and effectiveness of national policy approaches to physical activity, but evidence related to local-level approaches is lacking. The aim of this study was to examine 'what works', and identify factors underpinning change, focused on work to embed physical activity in local policy and practice in Bradford, UK.

Heterogeneities in landed costs of traded grains and oilseeds contribute to unequal access to food.

Despite the growing accessibility of international grain and oilseed markets, high production costs and trade frictions are still prevalent, contributing to regional heterogeneities in the landed cost of grain imports. Here we quantify the landed cost for six grain commodities across 3,500 administrative regions, capturing regional cost differences to produce grain and transport it across international borders. We find large heterogeneities in the costs of imported grain, which are highest in Oceania, Central America and landlocked Africa.