Enhancing data standards to advance translation in spinal cord injury.

Data standards are available for spinal cord injury (SCI). The International SCI Data Sets were created in 2002 and there are currently 27 freely available. In 2014 the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke developed clinical common data elements to promote clinical data sharing in SCI.

Modelling the cost-effectiveness of a chloramine gel in treating infected, non-healing diabetic foot ulcers.

Background And Aims: Organic chloramines have been developed as a topical wound bed preparation gel. This study aimed to estimate whether the addition of chloramine gel (Chlorasolv, RLS Global AB, Sweden) to standard care compared with standard care alone would afford a cost‑effective technology to the UK's health services for treating infected, non-healing diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs).

Methods: A Markov model was developed to simulate the management of infected, non-healing DFUs.

A comprehensive engineering strategy improves potency and manufacturability of a near pan-neutralizing antibody against HIV.

Anti-HIV envelope broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are alternatives to conventional antiretrovirals with the potential to prevent and treat infection, reduce latent reservoirs, and/or mediate a functional cure. Clinical trials with "first generation" bnAbs used alone or in combination show promising antiviral effects but also highlight that additional engineering of "enhanced" antibodies will be required for optimal clinical utility, while preserving or enhancing cGMP manufacturing capability. Here we report the engineering of an anti-CD4 binding-site (CD4bs) bnAb, N49P9.

Prioritization of Early-Stage Research and Development of a Hydrogel-Encapsulated Anaerobic Technology for Distributed Treatment of High Strength Organic Wastewater.

This study aims to support the prioritization of research and development (R&D) pathways of an anaerobic technology leveraging hydrogel-encapsulated biomass to treat high-strength organic industrial wastewaters, enabling decentralized energy recovery and treatment to reduce organic loading on centralized treatment facilities. To characterize the sustainability implications of early-stage design decisions and to delineate R&D targets, an encapsulated anaerobic process model was developed and coupled with design algorithms for integrated process simulation, techno-economic analysis, and life cycle assessment under uncertainty. Across the design space, a single-stage configuration with passive biogas collection was found to have the greatest potential for financial viability and the lowest life cycle carbon emission.