Miniscope Imaging of Nucleus Accumbens Neural Activity in Freely Behaving Rats: Virus Injection, Gradient Index Lens Implantation, Recording Strategies, and Analytical Methods.

In vivo calcium imaging in freely moving rats using miniscopes provides valuable information about the neural mechanisms of behavior in real time. A gradient index (GRIN) lens can be implanted in deep brain structures to relay activity from single neurons. While such procedures have been successful in mice, few reports provide detailed procedures for successful surgery and long-term imaging in rats, which are better suited for studying complex human behaviors.

Effect of Flow Rates of High-flow Nasal Cannula on Extubation Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has emerged as a promising intervention for post-extubation oxygen therapy, with the potential to reduce the need for reintubation. However, it remains unclear whether using a higher flow setting provides better outcomes than the commonly used flow rate of 30-50 L/min.

Research Question: Does setting the flow rate of HFNC at 60 L/min versus 40 L/min for post-extubation care result in different extubation outcomes?

Study Design And Methods: This randomized controlled trial assigned intubated patients to receive HFNC at either a 60 L/min or 40 L/min flow rate following extubation.

An integrated microflow cytometry platform with artificial intelligence capabilities for point-of-care cellular phenotype analysis.

The EZ DEVICE is an integrated fluorescence microflow cytometer designed for automated cell phenotyping and enumeration using artificial intelligence (AI). The platform consists of a laser diode, optical filter, objective lens, CMOS image sensor, and microfluidic chip, enabling automated sample pretreatment, labeling, and detection within a single compact unit. AI algorithms segment and identify objects in images captured by the CMOS sensor at 532 and 586 nm emission wavelengths.

Radiofrequency Ablation of Toxic Thyroid Nodules: An Early Experience of a Single Institution in the United States.

Objective: The field of endocrine surgery has been expanding its minimally invasive techniques to treat a wide range of thyroid pathologies. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is one targeted thermal therapy that has been identified as safe and effective for the treatment of benign pathologies as an alternative to surgery. We have employed RFA at our institution and are reporting our experience with this techniques safety, efficacy, and considerations in the treatment of toxic adenomas and multinodular goiters.