Calvaria bone chamber--a new model for intravital assessment of osseous angiogenesis.

The faith of tissue engineered bone replacing constructs depends on their early supply with oxygen and nutrients, and thus on a rapid vascularization. Although some models for direct observation of angiogenesis are described, none of them allows the observation of new vessel formation in desmal bone. Therefore, we developed a new chamber model suitable for quantitative in vivo assessment of the vascularization of bone substitutes by intravital fluorescence microscopy.

A mechanized and standardized pivot shifter: technical description and first evaluation.

Purpose: The pivot shift test (PST) is a complex, multiplanar maneuver used to assess rotatory instability of the knee. The grading is subjective due to the broad range of examination techniques and lack of tibiofemoral motion quantification. The goal of this study was to develop and evaluate a mechanized device for quantitative assessment of the PST.