Persistent median artery: paedogenesis of the antebrachial arterial system in the human body.

The persistence of the median artery in adult life, a remnant of the early brachial artery in the embryonic stage, has been reported in many anatomical and clinical studies. Herein, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and origin of the median artery in cadavers. We examined 53 adult Japanese cadavers and carefully dissected 106 upper limbs, and the arterial systems in the forearms and hands were observed macroscopically.

Early Fluid Balance Is Associated with 90-Day Mortality in Patients Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy.

Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is widely used to control fluid balance, but the optimal fluid balance to improve the prognosis of patients remains debated. Appropriate fluid management may depend on hemodynamic status. We investigated the association between 90-day mortality and fluid balance/mean arterial pressure (MAP) in patients receiving CRRT.

Impact of Different KDIGO Criteria on Clinical Outcomes for Early Identification of Acute Kidney Injury after Non-Cardiac Surgery.

The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines are currently used in acute kidney injury (AKI) diagnosis and include both serum creatinine (SCR) and urine output (UO) criteria. Currently, many AKI-related studies have inconsistently defined AKI, which possibly affects the comparison of their results. Therefore, we hypothesized that the different criteria in the KDIGO guidelines vary in measuring the incidence of AKI and its association with clinical outcomes.

Effect of preconditioning on propofol-induced neurotoxicity during the developmental period.

At therapeutic concentrations, propofol (PPF), an anesthetic agent, significantly elevates intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2 +]i) and induces neural death during the developmental period. Preconditioning enables specialized tissues to tolerate major insults better compared with tissues that have already been exposed to sublethal insults. Here, we investigated whether the neurotoxicity induced by clinical concentrations of PPF could be alleviated by prior exposure to sublethal amounts of PPF.