Prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular disease in adults with type 2 diabetes and use of diabetes medication in Germany: A claims data study.

Aims: To identify the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Germany and to evaluate if antidiabetic treatment patterns varied by comorbidity status.

Materials And Methods: Patients with T2D (aged ≥18 years) were identified during the study period (2014-2020) from medical claims of 4.5 million publicly insured German residents and divided into different cohorts based on CVD and/or obesity diagnosis.

Commensal Bacteria Impact on Intestinal Toll-like Receptor Signaling in -Challenged Gnotobiotic Piglets.

Gnotobiotic (GN) animals with simple and defined microbiota can help to elucidate host-pathogen interferences. Hysterectomy-derived germ-free (GF) minipigs were associated at 4 and 24 h post-hysterectomy with porcine commensal mucinolytic RP36 (RP36) strain or non-mucinolytic strain RP37 (RP37) or at 4 h post-hysterectomy with (LA). One-week-old GN minipigs were infected with Typhimurium LT2 strain (LT2).

Culture-dependent screening of endospore-forming clostridia in infant feces.

Background: Only a few studies dealt with the occurrence of endospore-forming clostridia in the microbiota of infants without obvious health complications.

Methods: A methodology pipeline was developed to determine the occurrence of endospore formers in infant feces. Twenty-four fecal samples (FS) were collected from one infant in monthly intervals and were subjected to variable chemical and heat treatment in combination with culture-dependent analysis.

Species and Strain Variability among Isolates from Diverse Mammalian Hosts.

spp. has been isolated from the gastrointestinal tracts of diverse mammalian hosts. Their presence is often associated with host health complications, as is evident from many previously published medical case reports.

Defined Pig Microbiota with a Potential Protective Effect against Infection with Typhimurium.

A balanced microbiota is a main prerequisite for the host's health. The aim of the present work was to develop defined pig microbiota (DPM) with the potential ability to protect piglets against infection with Typhimurium, which causes enterocolitis. A total of 284 bacterial strains were isolated from the colon and fecal samples of wild and domestic pigs or piglets using selective and nonselective cultivation media.