Higher initial levothyroxine doses and very early treatment start may lead to better cognitive outcomes in children with congenital hypothyroidism.

Aim: This study aimed to assess the cognitive development of individuals with congenital hypothyroidism.

Methods: Using hospital records, we identified 180 patients with congenital hypothyroidism born between 1980 and 2018 in Turku and Kuopio University Hospital catchment areas. Cognitive development was evaluated in 22 adults (7 males and 15 females) and 20 children (8 males and 12 females) using age-specific Wechsler Intelligence Scales.

Autoimmune hypothyroidism GWAS reveals independent autoimmune and thyroid-specific contributions and an inverse relation with cancer risk.

The high prevalence of autoimmune hypothyroidism (AIHT) - more than 5% in human populations - provides a unique opportunity to unlock the most complete picture to date of genetic loci that underlie systemic and organ-specific autoimmunity. Using a meta-analysis of 81,718 AIHT cases in FinnGen and the UK Biobank, we dissect associations along axes of thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity. This largest-to-date scan of hypothyroidism identifies 418 independent associations (p < 5×10), more than half of which have not previously been documented in thyroid disease.

Energy Dissipation of Fast Electrons in Polymethylmethacrylate: Toward a Universal Curve for Electron-Beam Attenuation in Solids between ∼0 eV and Relativistic Energies.

Spectroscopy of correlated electron pairs was employed to investigate the energy dissipation process, as well as the transport and the emission of low-energy electrons on a polymethylmethacrylate surface, providing secondary electron spectra causally related to the energy loss of the primary. Two groups are identified in the cascade of slow electrons, corresponding to different stages in the energy dissipation process. The characteristic lengths for attenuation due to collective excitations and momentum relaxation are quantified for both groups and are found to be distinctly different: λ_{1}=(12±2)  Å and λ_{2}=(62±11)  Å.

Children with palliative care needs - the landscape of the nordic countries.

Background: To strengthen palliative care for children in the Nordic countries, an updated status of current needs, resources, clinical services, education, and research is necessary to align and consolidate future research. A Nordic research collaboration initiative for children with palliative care needs was assembled in 2023. Building on this initiative, this paper presents an overview of pediatric palliative care (PPC) in the Nordic countries' (a) population characteristics, (b) care models and setting of care, (c) education and training, and (d) research.

Nursing interventions for dyspnoea management among inpatients with cancer in palliative care.

Background: Dyspnoea, a commonly reported symptom among patients with cancer, necessitates the need for appropriate non-pharmacological interventions for its management and suitable assessment scales.

Aims: To explore the nursing interventions and assessment scales for managing dyspnoea in patients with cancer receiving palliative care.

Methods: Systematic review.