Burden of Comorbidities and Concomitant Medications and Their Associated Costs in Patients with Gastroenteropancreatic or Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors: Analysis of US Administrative Data.

Introduction: This study investigated the burden of comorbidities and concomitant non-cancer medications and their cost in patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).

Methods: Adults with gastroenteropancreatic (GEP)-NETs and lung-NETs, with or without carcinoid syndrome (CS), who initiated first-line NET treatment (index date) with a somatostatin analog or telotristat and had ≥ 1 inpatient or ≥ 2 distinct outpatient claims (study period January 1, 2016-December 31, 2022) were identified from the US MarketScan database and matched (age, sex, insurance type) with up to four adults without cancer (reference group). At 0-90 and 91-180 days post-index, medication counts (generalized linear model, GLM), medication frequency distributions (chi-squared test), and medication costs in USD (two-part model: logit model and GLM for the first and second parts, respectively) were assessed.

Decreased bleeding and thrombotic complications on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support following an updated anticoagulation protocol.

Objective: Anticoagulation monitoring in patients supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is challenging given the risks of both bleeding and thrombotic complications. Based on our early clinical experience, we revised our heparin protocol by reducing our target anti-factor Xa assay from 0.3 to 0.

Persistent dopamine-dependent remodeling of the neural transcriptome in response to pregnancy and postpartum.

Pregnancy and postpartum experiences represent transformative physiological states that impose lasting demands on the maternal body and brain, resulting in lifelong neural adaptations. However, the precise molecular mechanisms driving these persistent alterations remain poorly understood. Here, we used brain-wide transcriptomic profiling to define the molecular landscape of parity-induced neural plasticity, identifying the dorsal hippocampus (dHpc) as a key site of transcriptional remodeling.

Canine genome-wide association study identifies as an obesity gene in dogs and humans.

Obesity is a heritable disease, but its genetic basis is incompletely understood. Canine population history facilitates trait mapping. We performed a canine genome-wide association study for body condition score, a measure of obesity, in 241 Labrador retrievers.

Cross-kingdom-mediated detection of intestinal protozoa through NLRP6.

Intestinal protists are detected by the host innate immune system through mechanisms that remain poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that Tritrichomonas protozoa induce thickening of the colonic mucus in an NLRP6-, ASC-, and caspase-11-dependent manner, consistent with the activation of sentinel goblet cells. Mucus growth is recapitulated with cecal extracts from Tritrichomonas-infected mice but not purified protozoa, suggesting that NLRP6 may detect infection-induced microbial dysbiosis.