Multiple burr hole and erythropoietin combination therapy: optimal early surgical intervention for patients with acute stroke episode of moyamoya disease or moyamoya syndrome.

Objective: The optimal timing of bypass surgery for patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) or moyamoya syndrome (MMS) following an acute stroke episode remains unclear, mainly owing to the risk of postoperative complications. In this study, we aim to validate the safety and efficacy of early intervention using multiple burr hole (MBH) and erythropoietin (EPO) therapy, thereby refining the management strategy for patients with acute stroke episode of MMD or MMS.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from 70 patients with MMD or MMS who underwent MBH and EPO therapy.

Joint association of triglyceride glucose index (TyG) and a body shape index (ABSI) with stroke incidence: a nationwide prospective cohort study.

Background: Triglyceride glucose index(TyG) and a body shape index(ABSI) are both independent predictor of stroke incidence or adverse prognosis but these two indicators seldom were combined to predict. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the combination of TyG and ABSI better predict the incidence of stroke.

Methods: Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS), 8,257 people aged 45 years and older without stroke were enrolled and followed up to 9 years.

Klotho mutation does not accelerate intervertebral disc aging in mice.

Aging is a risk factor for several chronic conditions, including intervertebral disc degeneration and associated back pain. Disc pathologies include loss of reticular-shaped nucleus pulposus cells, disorganization of annulus fibrosus lamellae, reduced disc height, and increased disc bulging. Sonic hedgehog, cytokeratin 19, and extracellular matrix proteins are markers of healthy disc.

Sensitive non-enzymatic sensing of creatinine in urine using a novel paper-based electroanalytical device.

Accurate analysis of urinary creatinine levels is of great clinical significance. Non-enzymatic creatinine sensing systems (NECSs) have gained growing development because of higher stability and lower cost compared to enzymatic sensing systems. At present, there is a demand for simple approaches to develop NECSs with high sensitivity.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Exacerbates Pathological Processes of Parkinson's Disease: Insights from Signaling Pathways Mediated by Insulin Receptors.

Parkinson's disease (PD), a chronic and common neurodegenerative disease, is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the dense part of the substantia nigra and abnormal aggregation of alpha-synuclein. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic insulin resistance and deficiency in insulin secretion. Extensive evidence has confirmed shared pathogenic mechanisms underlying PD and T2DM, such as oxidative stress caused by insulin resistance, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and disorders of energy metabolism.