Automated virtual elephant fence based on detection, alarming, and coordinated redirection of wild elephants.

Against the backdrop of the almost total failure of conventional physical fences to prevent deaths due to human-elephant conflict and elephant-train collision, management of the problem requires novel approaches. The elephant is a giant and intelligent animal, who, as has been observed through experience, cannot be effectively confined to an area by physical barriers, most of which are built without even considering long-established elephant passes. Instead, human habitats and facilities, including highways, should be pre-planned following an overall strategy to suitably assign natural resources to each party such that natural habitats are disturbed as little as possible.

Replica-based inspection of enamel wear microfeatures.

Background: Surface replication is a nondestructive evaluation technique applied in examining surface wear by recording surface irregularities, especially in conditions when surfaces of interest cannot be further manipulated to fit directly under a microscope to be examined. Enamel is the outermost protective layer of the human teeth and is constantly stressed by mastication forces which results in enamel wear.

Objective: To date, a procedure combining the clinical and microscopic examination of enamel surfaces is absent, which hinders the early diagnosis and comprehension of the wear process.

Progressive Freeze Concentration of Coconut Water and Use of Partial Ice Melting Method for Yield Improvement.

Coconut water is a highly nutritious liquid food which is a by-product of the desiccated coconut industry. Freeze concentration is the most suitable concentration method for coconut water since the low-temperature operation for concentration does not deteriorate the original quality of coconut water. Suspension freeze concentration (SFC) and progressive freeze concentration (PFC) are the available FC methods, and SFC is a complex and expensive method compared with PFC.

Long-term quality of life in patients with vestibular schwannoma managed with microsurgery.

Objective: Little is known about the long term (greater than 10 years) quality of life in patients with vestibular schwannoma. This study aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes in patients with vestibular schwannoma.

Method: A retrospective cohort study was performed across 2 academic institutions, with patients followed at least 10 years after vestibular schwannoma surgery (2000 to 2007).

Fenretinide, Tocilizumab, and Reparixin Provide Multifaceted Disruption of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Stem Cell Properties: Implications for Tertiary Chemoprevention.

Locoregional recurrence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) dramatically reduces patient survival. Further, as many OSCC recurrences are inoperable, radiotherapy and chemotherapy with or without biological adjuncts are the remaining treatment options. Although the tumors may initially respond, radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-resistant cancer stem cells (CSC) can readily repopulate OSCC tumors.