Prior authorization delays biologic initiation and is associated with a risk of asthma exacerbations.

Biologics are effective treatments for patients with severe allergic disease. Impacts of delays in the prior authorization process on clinical outcomes has not been studied. The objective was to quantify the times for approval and filling of biologics, and whether patients were at risk of exacerbations during this time frame.

Use of a new model allowing controlled uniaxial loading to evaluate tendon healing in a bone tunnel.

The optimal mechanical loading regimen for the healing of a tendon graft in a bone tunnel is unknown. We developed a rat model that directly tensions a healing tendon graft, without the use of confounding joint motion. Fifty cycles of either 0, 3, or 6 N of tension were applied to groups daily for 3 or 6 weeks.

Locking and Non-locking Constructs Achieve Similar Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes for Internal Fixation of Intra-articular Distal Humerus Fractures.

Background: Locking plates have been used increasingly for the management of distal humerus fractures. Studies that compare patient-centered outcomes between locking and non-locking fixation for distal humerus fractures are lacking.

Questions/purposes: The purposes of this study were to (1) determine whether locking plates offered superior fixation compared with non-locking plates for distal humerus fractures, (2) determine whether the use of locking plates was associated with fewer complications, and (3) determine whether locking plate use resulted in superior radiographic outcome compared with non-locking plates.

A comparison of the lenke and king classification systems in the surgical treatment of idiopathic thoracic scoliosis.

Study Design: Retrospective case control study.

Objective: To evaluate the use of the Lenke and King classification systems in the surgical treatment of main thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), with a specific focus on radiographic and patient reported outcomes.

Summary Of Background Data: There is considerable debate as to whether King or Lenke classification best fulfills the criteria for a useful classification to determine distal fusion level, i.

Responses of subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after exposures to 0.3 ppm ozone.

We previously reported (American Review of Respiratory Disease 1982; 125:664-669) that the respiratory mechanics of intermittently exercising persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) were unaffected by a 2-h exposure to 0.2 ppm ozone. Employing a single-blind, cross-over design protocol, 13 white men with nonreversible COPD (9 current smokers; mean FEV1/FVC, 56%) were randomly exposed on 2 consecutive days for 2 h to air and 0.