Biomarkers.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive cognitive decline. APOE-ε4 has been identified as the most prevalent genetic risk factor for the early onset of AD, while ABCA7-80 (rs115550680) has been shown to have a stronger effect size than the APOE-ε4 allele and is associated with the development of late-onset of AD among African Americans. Although the efficiency of executive functions declines with age, some basic attentional functions and preserved knowledge may help mitigate the effects of aging on working memory.

Biomarkers.

Background: Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) arises from interactions between genetic (nature) and environmental/behavioral (nurture) factors, but their relative contributions are not well defined. With the development of sensitive cognitive tasks for early detection and the growing applications of machine learning to AD research, there are unprecedented opportunities to uncover the most salient genetic and environmental/behavioral factors for preclinical AD risk. Our previous studies show that generalization performance--the ability to apply prior learning to new contexts--is a cognitive risk marker for preclinical AD.

Developing Topics.

Background: The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is the earliest region to display atrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Apolipoprotein E (APOE-ε4) and ABCA7-80 (rs115550680), two genes involved in lipid metabolism, are the strongest heritable contributors to AD in African Americans. However, the longitudinal influence of these genes on MTL dynamic network flexibility, a novel neuroimaging marker of preclinical AD, is unknown.

Distal Triceps Tendon Rupture-First Retrospective Study in Central Europe.

This retrospective study is the only one in the last 10 years from central Europe and provides a current picture of prevalence, new diagnostic modalities, new methods of surgical treatment, and also offers new insights into post-operative care. Triceps tendon rupture is the least reported among all the tendon injuries in the literature. In general, effective treatments for tendon injuries are lacking because the understanding of tendon biology lags behind that of the other components of the musculoskeletal system.

Specialized Feed-Additive Blends of Short- and Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Improve Sow and Pig Performance During Nursery and Post-Weaning Phase.

The present study investigates the impact of supplementing diets with a synergistic blend of short- and medium-chain fatty acids (SCFAs-MCFAs) during the peripartum and lactation phases on early microbial colonization and the subsequent growth performance of newborn pigs. The experiment involved 72 sows and their litters, with a follow-up on 528 weaned pigs. Sows were fed either a control diet or a diet supplemented with SCFAs-MCFAs and the pigs were monitored for their growth performance and microbial populations.