The impact of primary fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from ship emissions within the Southern California Air Basin is quantified by comparing in-stack vanadium (V) and nickel (Ni) measurements from in-use ocean-going vessels (OGVs) with ambient measurements made at 10 monitoring stations throughout Southern California. V and Ni are demonstrated as robust markers for the combustion of heavy fuel oil in OGVs, and ambient measurements of fine particulate V and Ni within Southern California are shown to decrease inversely with increased distance from the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach (ports).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElectron microscopy morphometry has been used to study the effects of cumulative exposure of low levels of inhaled O3 on lung proximal alveolar tissue. Six-week-old Fisher 344 rats were exposed to O3 in two different subchronic low-level exposure patterns. The first was a 12 hr/day exposure for 6 weeks and included two O3 concentrations, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxicol Appl Pharmacol
December 1988
This report describes structural changes occurring in the terminal bronchioles of rats exposed to low levels of NO2 continuously for 6 weeks. In addition, the relative susceptibility of epithelial cells to oxidants and the comparative toxicity of NO2 and O3 are discussed. Terminal bronchioles isolated from rats exposed 5 days/week to 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe examined the effects of dietary vitamin E level on rat lung response to ozone (O3) inhalation. In one study, we fed 1-month-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats a test diet containing 0 or 50 IU vitamin E/kg for 2 months, and then exposed one-half of the animals from each dietary group to 0.8 ppm (1,568 micrograms/m3) O3 intermittently (8 hours daily) and the other half to room air for 7 days.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe risk of cancer to humans exposed to soil treated with wastewater/sewage treatment plant sludge, known to be contaminated with small amounts of polychlorinated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs and PCDFs), was evaluated. The particulate-bound PCDDs and PCDFs are found in trace amounts in the effluent from ground water pumping (dewatering) at an abandoned wood preservation facility. The water, which was sent to a water recovery plant, underwent primary and secondary treatment prior to discharge.
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