Potential impact of a new sepsis prediction model for the primary care setting: early health economic evaluation using an observational cohort.

Objectives: To estimate the potential referral rate and cost impact at different cut-off points of a recently developed sepsis prediction model for general practitioners (GPs).

Design: Prospective observational study with decision tree modelling.

Setting: Four out-of-hours GP services in the Netherlands.

Safe shortening of antibiotic treatment duration for complicated bacteraemia (SAFE trial): protocol for a randomised, controlled, open-label, non-inferiority trial comparing 4 and 6 weeks of antibiotic treatment.

Introduction: A major knowledge gap in the treatment of complicated bacteraemia (SAB) is the optimal duration of antibiotic therapy. Safe shortening of antibiotic therapy has the potential to reduce adverse drug events, length of hospital stay and costs. The objective of the SAFE trial is to evaluate whether 4 weeks of antibiotic therapy is non-inferior to 6 weeks in patients with complicated SAB.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine for prevention of COVID-19 and other respiratory tract infections in older adults with comorbidities: a randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To test whether Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination would reduce the incidence of COVID-19 and other respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in older adults with one or more comorbidities.

Methods: Community-dwelling adults aged 60 years or older with one or more underlying comorbidities and no contraindications to BCG vaccination were randomized 1:1 to BCG or placebo vaccination and followed for 6 months. The primary endpoint was a self-reported, test-confirmed COVID-19 incidence.

[Antibiotic-induced acute kidney injury].

Acute kidney injury is very common in hospitalized patients and has been described in up to twenty percent of admissions. Although there are many causes of acute kidney injury, one of the more overlooked causes is the antibiotic prescribed during these admissions. In this article we discuss the two main causes of antibiotic induced kidney injury illustrated by two cases, one of ciprofloxacin Kristal nephropathy and of ciprofloxacin tubule-interstial nephritis.

A machine learning approach using endpoint adjudication committee labels for the identification of sepsis predictors at the emergency department.

Accurate sepsis diagnosis is paramount for treatment decisions, especially at the emergency department (ED). To improve diagnosis, clinical decision support (CDS) tools are being developed with machine learning (ML) algorithms, using a wide range of variable groups. ML models can find patterns in Electronic Health Record (EHR) data that are unseen by the human eye.