Immunoregulatory Macrophages Modify Local Pulmonary Immunity and Ameliorate Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension.

Background: Macrophages play a significant role in the onset and progression of vascular disease in pulmonary hypertension, and cell-based immunotherapies aimed at treating vascular remodeling are lacking. We aimed to evaluate the effect of pulmonary administration of macrophages modified to have an anti-inflammatory/proresolving phenotype in attenuating early pulmonary inflammation and progression of experimentally induced pulmonary hypertension.

Methods: Mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages were polarized in vitro to a regulatory (M2) phenotype.

Immunoregulatory macrophages modify local pulmonary immunity and ameliorate hypoxic-pulmonary hypertension.

Rationale: Macrophages play a central role in the onset and progression of vascular disease in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and cell-based immunotherapies aimed at treating vascular remodeling are lacking.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of pulmonary administration of macrophages modified to have an anti-inflammatory/pro-resolving phenotype in attenuating early pulmonary inflammation and progression of experimentally induced PH.

Methods: Mouse bone marrow derived macrophages (BMDMs) were polarized to a regulatory (M2 ) phenotype.

Study of neonatal acute kidney injury based on KDIGO criteria.

Background: Significant advancement has occurred over the years in diagnosis, recognition, intervention and impact of acute kidney injury (AKI) on morbidity and mortality in critically-ill neonates. However an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is still observed among neonates who survive an episode of AKI. Therefore, preventing and adequately managing AKI in neonates could help in controlling long-term renal morbidity in neonates who develop AKI.

Heme oxygenase-1 dampens the macrophage sterile inflammasome response and regulates its components in the hypoxic lung.

Exposure to hypoxia causes an inflammatory reaction in the mouse lung, and this response can be modulated by overexpressing the hypoxia-inducible stress-response enzyme, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). We hypothesized that the inflammasome activity may be a central pathway by which HO-1 controls pulmonary inflammation following alveolar hypoxia. Therefore, we investigated whether HO-1 controls inflammasome activation by altering its expression in macrophages primed with classic NOD-like receptor containing a pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) inducers, and in murine lungs lacking HO-1 and exposed to acute hypoxia.

Retrograde Intramedullary Nailing for Femoral Shaft Fractures in Elderly Patients with Previous Ipsilateral Dynamic Hip Screw Fixation.

Purpose: We present our experience in managing femoral shaft fractures in elderly patients with previous ipsilateral dynamic hip screw fixation for extracapsular neck of femur fractures using retrograde intramedullary nailing implants.

Methods: This was a prospective consecutive study of patients presenting with a femoral shaft fracture and an ipsilateral dynamic hip screw fixation treated with unreamed retrograde femoral nailing. The Wilde modification of the Neer knee score was used as a primary outcome measure.