Surgery versus radiotherapy for older patients (aged≥65 years) with stage I-II laryngeal cancer: an investigational study from the SEER database.

Background: Currently, the choice between radiotherapy and surgery for treating older patients with early laryngeal cancer remains unclear. The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the therapeutic patterns and survival outcomes for a cohort of older patients with early laryngeal cancer who received radiation therapy (RT) or surgery.

Methods: Clinical records of 1833 patients aged 65+ with stage I/II laryngeal cancer from the SEER registry (2010-2015) were assessed.

Deciphering olfactory receptor binding mechanisms: a structural and dynamic perspective on olfactory receptors.

Olfactory receptors, classified as G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), have been a subject of scientific inquiry since the early 1950s. Historically, investigations into the sensory mechanisms of olfactory receptors were often confined to behavioral characteristics in model organisms or the expression of related proteins and genes. However, with the development of cryo-electron microscopy techniques, it has gradually become possible to decipher the specific structures of olfactory receptors in insects and humans.

FTO Suppresses Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis of T98G Glioblastoma Cells via N6-methyladenosine Modification of GSTO1.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant type of glioma with a very poor prognosis. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is well-documented to be involved in GBM progression, and FTO is a demethylase. GSTO1 is also associated with tumor progression.

Comparative study on the anti-alcoholic liver disease efficiency of the ethanol- and water-soluble polysaccharides from Baijiu vinasses.

Ethanol- and water-soluble polysaccharides were extracted from Baijiu vinasses (EP and WP), respectively. EP was dominantly composed by arabinose, glucose and xylose with molar ratio of 8.81: 76.

De novo design of peptide binders to conformationally diverse targets with contrastive language modeling.

Designing binders to target undruggable proteins presents a formidable challenge in drug discovery. In this work, we provide an algorithmic framework to design short, target-binding linear peptides, requiring only the amino acid sequence of the target protein. To do this, we propose a process to generate naturalistic peptide candidates through Gaussian perturbation of the peptidic latent space of the ESM-2 protein language model and subsequently screen these novel sequences for target-selective interaction activity via a contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP)-based contrastive learning architecture.