Nonlinear, single-mode, two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor instability in ideal media.

A model for the single mode, two-dimensional Rayleigh-Taylor instability in ideal, incompressible, immiscible, and inviscid fluids is developed as an extension of a previous linear model based on the Newton's second law [A. R. Piriz et al.

Two-dimensional simulations of Rayleigh-Taylor instability in elastic-plastic media.

Two-dimensional numerical simulations for the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in an elastic-plastic medium are presented. Recent predictions of the theory regarding the asymmetric growth of peaks and valleys during the linear phase of the instability evolution are confirmed. Extension to the nonlinear regime reveals singular features, such as the long delay in achieving the nonlinear saturation and an intermediate phase with growth rate larger than the classical one.

Adjustments in photosynthetic pigments, PS II photochemistry and photoprotection in a tropical C4 forage plant exposed to warming and elevated [CO].

Global climate change will impact crops and grasslands, affecting growth and yield. However, is not clear how the combination of warming and increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations ([CO]) will affect the photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry and the photosynthetic tissue photoinhibition and photoprotection on tropical forages. Here, we evaluated the effects of elevated [CO] (∼600 μmol mol) and warming (+2 °C increase temperature) on the photochemistry of photosystem II and the photoprotection strategies of a tropical C4 forage Panicum maximum Jacq.

Assessing Overall Diet Quality: Development and Evaluation of the Performance of a Short Self-Administrated Questionnaire SCASA.

Several tools assessing diet quality have been developed over the last decades, but their use in public health and clinical practice is limited because they necessitate detailed quantitative assessment of food intake. Our goal was to develop and validate a score (Score d'Alimentation Saine, SCASA) based on a short self-administrated online questionnaire to assess overall diet quality. SCASA targets the adult population in French-speaking Switzerland, but it was designed in a way enabling its adaptation for other regions.

An altered tocopherol composition in chloroplasts reduces plant resistance to Botrytis cinerea.

Tocopherols are lipid-soluble antioxidants that contribute to plant resistance to abiotic stresses. However, it is still unknown to what extent alterations in tocopherol composition can affect the plant response to biotic stresses. The response to bacterial and fungal attack of the vte1 mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, which lacks both α- and γ-tocopherol, was compared to that of the vte4 mutant (which lacks α- but accumulates γ-tocopherol) and the wild type (with accumulates α-tocopherol in leaves).