Growth hormone receptor in VGLUT2 or Sim1 cells regulates glycemia and insulin sensitivity.

Growth hormone (GH) has several metabolic effects, including a profound impact on glucose homeostasis. For example, GH oversecretion induces insulin resistance and increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Here, we show that GH receptor (GHR) ablation in vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2)-expressing cells, which comprise a subgroup of glutamatergic neurons, led to a slight decrease in lean body mass without inducing changes in body adiposity.

Growth Hormone Action as a Target in Cancer: Significance, Mechanisms and Possible Therapies.

Growth hormone (GH) is a pituitary derived endocrine hormone required for normal post-natal growth and development. Hypo or hypersecretion of endocrine GH results in two pathologic conditions, namely GH deficiency (GHD) and acromegaly. Additionally, GH is also produced in non-pituitary and tumoral tissues where it acts rather as a cellular growth factor with an autocrine/paracrine mode of action.

The impact of inactivation of the GH/IGF axis during aging on healthspan.

Several mouse lines with congenital growth hormone (GH)/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) axis disruption have shown improved health and extended lifespan. The current study investigated how inactivating this axis, specifically during aging, impacts the healthspan. We used a tamoxifen-inducible global GH receptor (GHR) knockout mouse model starting at 12 months and followed the mice until 24 months of age (iGHRKO mice).

Characterization and Regulation of the Neonatal Growth Hormone Surge.

High neonatal growth hormone (GH) secretion has been described in several species. However, the neuroendocrine mechanisms behind this surge remain unknown. Thus, the pattern of postnatal GH secretion was investigated in mice and rats.

Growth Hormone Receptor in Lateral Hypothalamic Neurons Is Required for Increased Food-Seeking Behavior during Food Restriction in Male Mice.

Growth hormone (GH) action in the brain regulates neuroendocrine axes, energy and glucose homeostasis, and several neurological functions. The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) contains numerous neurons that respond to a systemic GH injection by expressing the phosphorylated STAT5, a GH receptor (GHR) signaling marker. However, the potential role of GHR signaling in the LHA is unknown.