Synapse and primary cilia dysfunctions in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Avenues to normalize these functions.

Aim: An update on the plasticity of the brain networks involved in autism (autism spectrum disorders [ASD]), and the increasing role of their synapses and primary non-motile cilia.

Methods: Data from PubMed and Google on this subject, published until February 2024, were analyzed.

Results: Structural and functional brain characteristics and genetic particularities involving synapses and cilia that modify neuronal circuits are observed in ASD, such as reduced pruning of dendrites, minicolumnar pathology, or persistence of connections usually doomed to disappear.

How and why I fell into neuropathology.

I'm going to explain how and why I fell into the Department of Neuropathology at the Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital of Paris. I'd also like to sketch the history of French neuropathology in the years 1960-2010, as seen by a naive young student, and then by a practicing neuropathologist (often still very naive). As a matter of fact, although the history of neurosciences [1-2] and the Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital in Paris [3-4] have been the subject of numerous publications, the history of neuropathology in this hospital has been rarely documented [5-6].

[Measles subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE): A still present and still mysterious fatal disease. History, Diagnosis and Assumptions].

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, a late complication of measles, is still present during epidemics of this disease due to insufficient vaccination. After a historical review, the importance of the diagnostic criteria and the pathophysiology of SSEP are discussed. Numerous studies on the parameters of innate immunity and interferon responses tend to show a decrease in the activity of cellular immunity.

Measles Sclerosing Subacute PanEncephalitis (SSPE), an intriguing and ever-present disease: Data, assumptions and new perspectives.

Background: Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare, non-treatable and fatal neurological complication of measles, still present due to the return of the epidemic linked to the loosening of vaccination policies. Its mechanism remains unexplained.

Objective: The main objective was to investigate explanatory variables relating to the risk of developing SSPE and its pathophysiology.